RESUMO
La gastronomía de Cataluña forma parte de la dieta mediterránea. Posee una gran personalidad muy marcada por su geografía. Incluye una gran variedad de productos del mar, de la montaña y de la huerta. A lo largo de los siglos, las diferentes culturas que han pasado por ese territorio han dejado su marca y los países vecinos también han aportado algunas características. Una amplia variedad de verduras, carnes, pescados, legumbres, quesos, pasta, arroz, y frutos secos, junto con el aceite de oliva y los aromas de hierbas aromáticas y especias configuran un amplio abanico de ingredientes diversos vinculados al territorio y a las tradiciones a lo largo de de la historia. (AU)
The gastronomy of Catalonia is part of the Mediterranean diet. It has a great personality influenced by geography. A wide variety of products from the sea, the mountains, and the garden. Over the centuries, the different cultures that passed through the territory left their mark; the neighboring countries contributed somecharacteristics as well. A wide variety of vegetables, meat, fish, legumes, cheeses, pasta, rice, and nuts, together with olive oil and aromas of aromatic herbs and spices make up a widerange of diverse ingredients linked to the territory and traditions throughout history. (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Dieta Mediterrânea , Livros de Culinária como Assunto , Espanha , CulináriaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the association of key adiposity markers with lung function in smokers without respiratory disease in a Mediterranean population. METHODS: We performed a cross-sectional study with baseline data from a representative sample of the ESPITAP study in Spain. Participants were 738 smokers (52.3% men) without respiratory disease, aged 35 to 70, selected from 12 primary health care centres. We assessed weight, height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR). The pulmonary functional parameters were forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FEV1/FVC ratio. RESULTS: In this cohort of smokers, 22.2% of individuals had central obesity. FVC% was inversely associated with all anthropometric measures (BMI, WC and WHtR) in the overall population and in men; in women, only BMI was associated with FVC%. FEV1% was inversely associated to BMI and WC in the overall population, and to all anthropometric measures in men. Furthermore, both BMI and obesity were positively associated with FEV1/FVC ratio overall and when stratified by sex; this suggests a restrictive pattern explained by the altered ventilator mechanics experienced by people with obesity. CONCLUSION: In a Mediterranean population of smokers without respiratory symptoms, abdominal obesity, evaluated not only by BMI and WC but also WHtR, is inversely associated with lung function. Fat distribution appears more strongly related to pulmonary function parameters in men than in women. In smokers with high values for WC, WHtR and BMI, assessment of lung function is recommended. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials NCT01194596 . Registered 2 September 2010.
